Monday, July 21, 2014

CHILD DEVELOPMENT STAGES II


Hello again,

We apologise for the long break but we are BACK and BETTER!

This is the concluding part of the article "CHILD DEVELOPMENT STAGES" . Here, we would be looking at the developmental stages of children between the ages of 4-10. 


                                           Happy reading!









Age
Motor
Social
Speech

Physical

Vision and hearing


4 years

Goes down stairs one foot per step, skips on one foot,
Can walk a straight line

Builds a tower with ten or more blocks

Paints & draws with purpose, may have an idea in mind, but often has problems implementing it so calls the creation something else.


Can peddle a tricycle

Copy a triangle, circle, square, and other shapes

Dress and undress, brush teeth, and take care of other personal needs without much help

Imitates adults &playmates 

Shows affection for familiar playmates


Moods change rapidly; laughing one minute, crying the next;

Bathroom talk, boasts exaggerates
Cooperates with others; participates in group activities

Can be bossy with other children and might throw tantrums when they don’t get what they want.

They often develop favourite games like “mummies and daddies” and “superman”

Questioning at its height.

Many infantile substitutions in speech.

Speak clearly on the whole, but they may still not use some sounds correctly e.g “th” for “s” or “w” for “r”

Ask “why”, “when”, “how” questions and ask what words mean

States first name, gender, siblings’ names, and sometimes  telephone number



The size of head is near that of an adult , but they are only about three – quarters of their ultimate adult height.

 On average, your child will be about 41 pounds and approximately 43 inches tall.

It's important for children to have a complete eye examination before and after they start school.


School requires children to focus more closely on work as against looking at distances as toddlers.


5 years

Jumps or hops forward ten times in a row without falling.

Draws a man
Reproduces many shapes &letters: squares, triangles

Demonstrates fair control of pencil or marker, may begin to colour within the lines

Can touch toes without flexing


Tends to be clingy because of a whole new system that may be different at home especially after school.

Less tantrums and arguments

Love to play together rather than by themselves



Speech is almost entirely  grammatically correct

Recognises the humour in simple jokes; makes up jokes and riddles

Uses past tense of irregular verbs consistently , “went”, “caught”, “swam”

At this age, children will begin to lose fat, grow out of their chubby cheeks and develop more lanky frames.

Some begin to lose their milk teeth.






      -

6 years

Span of attention increases;
works at tasks for longer periods of time

Enjoys making things

Able to trace objects
Has fun with problem solving like stacking, puzzles &mazes

Understands time(today, tomorrow &yesterday)&simple motion(some things go faster than others)

Recognises seasons &major activities done at certain times

Folds and cuts paper into simple shapes

Can tie laces, strings and perform tasks such as buttoning buttons

They are more adept at drawing and writing letters, with more legible and recognisable  pictures and stories.

They are better skilled at using tools such scissors(parents/adult supervision)is still required

Can write own name

Tell date of birth

They tend to have a great desire for peer approval; this is typical of children of the 'middle years'(6-9years)


They also want to play with children of the same sex

Self-perceived failure can make the child easily disappointed and frustrated

Friendship with parents is less depended on but still needs closeness and nurturing

Uses language rather than tantrums or physical aggression to express displeasure.

Children this age show interest in cleaning themselves but still need supervision and help in ensuring that all the soap is out.




Able to read themselves

Can understand up to 13,000 words.
Understands opposites words

Able to carry on adult-like conversations

Classifies according to form, colour&use

Uses all pronouns correctly

Talks a lot

Asks a lot of questions.

Baby teeth begin to disappear for permanent ones

They  appear lanky with significant increase in muscle mass







      -
7 years



They begin to effectively combine motor skills like running after landing from a jump
They are more self-sufficient& express an increasing desire to make more decisions& choices for themselves.

They express preference for types of food or books.

In the area of food, parents/caregivers ensure that they provide a variety of nutritious foods not necessarily in one meal

Negotiating skills are brought to the fore at this age. They negotiate over chores, extracurricular activites and so on

Need little supervision but with reminders
Understands 20,000-26,000

Aware of mistakes in other people's speech
Lengthening of limbs will continue.

Growth is less dramatic as was the case in pre-school years.




 


       -
8 years
Finger control is quite refined.

Stamina increases; can run and swim further
The need to have a natural desire to be part of a group grows and therefore it is important to talk to your eight year old about the negative side to this - Peer Pressure. Let them know the importance of trusting their instincts and doing what (s)he know or feel is right in any given situation

They gravitate primarily towards friendships of the same gender. They tend to refer to certain activites as being  'for girls' or 'for boys. This provides the opportunity for parents to dispel such myths e.g ''math is for boys' or 'girls'cannot play sports'

Begin to show interest in sleepovers but may not fall through with the idea

Are generous one minute, selfish the next. However, with guidance and good child discipline, parents can set positive examples that will help steer them towards good behaviour&the development of strong morals.

Have keen interest in money
Able to form complex and compound sentences much more easily and exhibits few lapses in grammar

Able to read appropriate texts with ease&begin to demonstrate competence with writing simple compositions

This continues as one of refinement rather than major noticeable changes

Changes in the child's face and body and features take on a more elongated look

Grows an average of 2-3 inches a year. An eight year old will take on the look of a 'big kid'










      -
9years
They are better skilled with increased body control which allows them work on strengthening physical skills such as speed&strength in sports and other physical activities such as dance.

They are able to use simple tools such as hammer by themselves.

Like to draw, paint, make jewelry, build models, or do other activities that use their fine motor skills
Enjoy active play like 'tag' , swimming and so on
They are able to dress and have their bath themselves.
Are able to recognise basic norms&appropriate behaviour

Can control their anger most of the time.

They are curious about relationships between boys and girls. Few will admit to this interest.
Have speech patterns that are nearly at an adult level.

They are able to debate issues.

They can express their opinions with supporting ideas.
Your nine year old is quite close to puberty at this age. Typically, puberty starts sometime btw 8 and 12 for girls and 9-14 for boys.

Their physical growth differ as well i.e. some nine year olds appear stockier or skinner than others. Some appear taller or shorter than others.

Most children by age 9, grow about 2.5inches(6cm) and gain 7lb(3kg) in a year.

By now, they have their permanent upper&lower lateral incisors by now, and some may be losing their cuspids and molars.










      -
10 years
Have developed control of their large and small muscled.

They are able to enjoy activites that use skills, such as basketball, dancing and football

Have developed endurance. Many can run, ride bikes and enjoy activites that require a degree of physical conditioning

They continue to advance their fine motor skills, such as those needed for clearer handwriting and artwork.
They enjoy being with their friends. They often have a best friend of the same gender.


Continue to insist they are not interested in children of the opposite sex but may act silly as a way of getting attention from or interacting with them
Enjoys reading. They may seek out magazines and books on subjects of special interest.

Can read and understand a paragraph of complex sentences

Are reading books with chapters

Can converse easily with people of different ages

Speech patterns are nearly at adult level


They can grow to be about 2.5 inches(6cm) and gain about 7lb(3kg) in a year.

Girls are usually taller and weigh more than boys.

Signs of early puberty may develop in girls such as breast buds













      -



Remember, children develop at their own pace and should not be compared. A child can develop in one area faster than another child, yet develop less quickly in another.

Child Development is a fascinating process that makes us have a better understanding of our children's development as well as provide insight to our growth history and experience.


Cheers!

Team Kidz Avenue


 References:

 www.childparenting.about.com

 www.greatschools.org

 www.webmd.com

 www.kidspot.com
"Developmental Milestones: Your 8 year old"


Image 
www.gettyimages.com


                        



















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